Hebrew Plural Nouns

As suggested in the previous section, masculine nouns become plurals with the addition of ים as a suffix. Feminine names on the other hand are changed from the singular to the plural by the addition of וֹת.

You can see how this works if we consider the masculine noun for 'a tree', עץ. This is converted from the singular to the plural by the addition of the masculine character, meaning that 'trees' is עץים. Similarly, the feminine singular noun for the wind is רוּח which would become רוּחוֹת in the plural.

This general rule is not however universal.

For instance, there are a small number of masculine nouns that will take the feminine character that converts a singular noun to the plural instead of the masculine character. They will nevertheless remain masculine even in this slightly odd plural form.

As an example, אוֹר ('or' = light) is a masculine noun that is converted to the plural by the addition of the feminine character introduced a couple of paragraphs ago. Consequently, the plural version (i.e. 'lights') is אוֹר וֹת but the noun nevertheless remains masculine.

Another plural noun formation that you need to be aware of is known as the 'dual plural' which is generally used for things that come in pairs like your eyes, your hands, your feet etc.

In this scenario, the plural uses the appropriate masculine or feminine character to convert the single version of the plural but the pronunciation changes.

As an example, if the noun is masculine, the normal pronunciation of the character that converts the singular to the plural ('iym') becomes 'yim'.

Consequently, עַינַיִם is 'eyes' which is as you would expect in written form. Nevertheless, be aware that the presence of a 'dual plural' changes the pronunciation although this is not something that you will necessarily be aware of when reading.

If the first noun in the construct is masculine, the ם character is dropped when the singular is converted to the plural. As an example, the Biblical phrase 'sons of Jacob', the standard plural noun for 'sons' (בֵּנִים) is altered so that the phrase is written בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב.


Introduction to Reading Hebrew
The first basics
The Hebrew AlephBet
The Letters of the AlephBet
Aleph
Bet (Beyt)
Gimmel
Dalet
Hey
Vav
Zayin
Chet
Tet
Yod
Kaf
Lamed
Mem
Nun
Samekh
Ayin
Pey (Fey)
Tsade (Tsadik)
Qof
Resh
Shin
Tav
The Significance of the Alephbet
The Basics of Hebrew Verbs
The Hebrew Verb Subject
The Hebrew Verb Object
Hebrew Verb Tenses
Hebrew Verb Voices and Moods
Hebrew Verb Participles
The Infinite Verb Version
Hebrew Nouns
Hebrew Noun Constructs
Using Prefixes With Nouns
Hebrew Pronouns
Hebrew Plural Nouns
Hebrew Adjectives
Identifying Hebrew Questions
Adverbs, Prepositions and Conjunctions
Hebrew Reading Conclusion